Cholesteatoma
Cholesteatoma is an abnormal collection of dead skin cells trapped in the middle ear. Although rare (affecting 6–9 out of 100,000 people annually in the UK), it can cause serious complications if untreated.
This benign (non-cancerous) growth may enlarge over time, putting pressure on the delicate bones in the middle ear, leading to hearing loss and bone erosion.
Symptoms
- Ear infections
- Foul-smelling, watery or bloody discharge from the ear canal
- Hearing loss
- Tinnitus
- Fullness or pressure in the ear
- Swelling behind the ear
- Usually occurs in one ear
If you are experiencing these symptoms, please seek medical advice immediately.
Treatment
- Antibiotics may be prescribed for any underlying infection.
- Surgical removal is often required to eliminate the cholesteatoma and prevent further damage.
- Ongoing ear cleaning by a healthcare professional may be necessary to prevent recurrence.
FAQs
Cholesteatomas themselves are not painful, but infection may cause discomfort and swelling behind the ear.
No, it will continue to grow. It must be removed—typically via surgery. Regular professional cleaning may help prevent recurrence.
Cholesteatomas are typically located in the middle ear or the mastoid bone of the skull.
No. Water must be kept out of the ear for at least 6 weeks post-surgery or until cleared by your ENT specialist.
It affects approximately 6–9 out of every 100,000 people annually in the UK.
Cholesteatomas grow slowly but can cause progressive damage, including hearing loss, bone erosion, and balance problems.
No. Cholesteatomas are benign (non-cancerous) but still require removal to prevent complications.
A suspected cholesteatoma usually warrants a semi-urgent ENT referral for further investigation and treatment planning.
